RSI (Relative Strength Index) measures the speed and magnitude of price changes on a scale from 0 to 100. Developed by J. Welles Wilder in 1978, it remains one of the most widely used momentum indicators in trading.
RSI compares the average gain to the average loss over a 14-period window (the standard setting). When gains outpace losses, RSI moves higher. When losses dominate, RSI drops.
The formula produces a number between 0 and 100: - Above 70 — the asset is considered overbought - Below 30 — the asset is considered oversold - Between 40-60 — neutral territory
A common mistake is treating RSI 70+ as an automatic sell signal. In strong uptrends, assets can stay overbought for weeks. Similarly, RSI below 30 doesn't guarantee a bounce — in a downtrend, an asset can remain oversold for extended periods.
The key is context: - RSI 70+ at resistance = stronger sell signal - RSI 30- at support = stronger buy signal - RSI 70+ in a strong uptrend with volume = momentum, not necessarily a top
One of the most powerful RSI signals is divergence — when price makes a new high but RSI makes a lower high (bearish divergence), or price makes a new low but RSI makes a higher low (bullish divergence). This often precedes reversals.
RSI works best when combined with: - Support/Resistance levels — RSI extremes at key price levels are more significant - Volume — high volume confirms the signal; low volume weakens it - MACD — when both RSI and MACD agree, confidence increases - Trend direction — RSI oversold in an uptrend = potential buy; RSI oversold in a downtrend = potential trap
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